{"id":16409,"date":"2026-01-12T02:36:11","date_gmt":"2026-01-12T01:36:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lepatriotebenin.com\/?p=16409"},"modified":"2026-01-12T02:36:11","modified_gmt":"2026-01-12T01:36:11","slug":"franc-cfa-et-sous-developpement-le-professeur-amath-ndiaye-demonte-une-idee-recue","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lepatriotebenin.com\/index.php\/2026\/01\/12\/franc-cfa-et-sous-developpement-le-professeur-amath-ndiaye-demonte-une-idee-recue\/","title":{"rendered":"Franc CFA et sous-d\u00e9veloppement : le professeur Amath N\u2019Diaye d\u00e9monte une id\u00e9e re\u00e7ue"},"content":{"rendered":"

Contrairement \u00e0 une opinion largement r\u00e9pandue dans le d\u00e9bat public africain, le franc CFA ne serait pas responsable du maintien de nombreux pays dans la cat\u00e9gorie des Pays les Moins Avanc\u00e9s (PMA). Le professeur Amath N\u2019Diaye s\u2019appuie sur des donn\u00e9es onusiennes pour recentrer le d\u00e9bat sur les v\u00e9ritables causes du sous-d\u00e9veloppement.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Dans de nombreux pays africains, le franc CFA est r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 comme la principale cause du sous-d\u00e9veloppement \u00e9conomique. Une th\u00e8se que conteste fermement le professeur Amath N\u2019Diaye, enseignant-chercheur \u00e0 la FASEG de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar. Selon lui, l\u2019analyse des donn\u00e9es officielles des Nations unies d\u00e9montre que cette accusation repose davantage sur un discours politique que sur des faits \u00e9conomiques.<\/p>\n

D\u2019apr\u00e8s la liste des Pays les Moins Avanc\u00e9s publi\u00e9e par l\u2019ONU en 2024, l\u2019Afrique compte 32 PMA. Parmi eux, seuls 10 pays appartiennent \u00e0 la zone franc CFA, soit environ 31,25 %. Mieux encore, si l\u2019on tient compte du S\u00e9n\u00e9gal, engag\u00e9 depuis 2024 dans un processus de sortie du statut de PMA, le nombre de pays CFA concern\u00e9s tombe \u00e0 9 sur 31, soit pr\u00e8s de 29 %. Autrement dit, plus de 70 % des PMA africains se situent en dehors de la zone CFA et disposent de leurs propres monnaies nationales.<\/p>\n

Pour le professeur N\u2019Diaye, ce simple constat statistique est sans appel : le franc CFA ne peut \u00eatre la cause principale de l\u2019existence des PMA en Afrique, puisque la majorit\u00e9 de ces pays n\u2019utilisent pas cette monnaie. Selon lui, le sous-d\u00e9veloppement africain ne saurait donc \u00eatre expliqu\u00e9 prioritairement par un r\u00e9gime mon\u00e9taire, mais par des facteurs beaucoup plus profonds et structurels.<\/p>\n

Les v\u00e9ritables causes du sous-d\u00e9veloppement<\/strong><\/p>\n

Parmi ces d\u00e9terminants, l\u2019\u00e9conomiste cite notamment la faible diversification productive des \u00e9conomies africaines, leur forte d\u00e9pendance aux mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res, l\u2019insuffisance du capital humain, les d\u00e9ficits d\u2019infrastructures, la vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 aux chocs climatiques et s\u00e9curitaires, ainsi que la mal gouvernance et la corruption. Autant de facteurs qui p\u00e8sent lourdement sur la croissance et la transformation \u00e9conomique, ind\u00e9pendamment de la monnaie utilis\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

Le professeur souligne par ailleurs que le franc CFA a contribu\u00e9, dans plusieurs pays, \u00e0 une relative stabilit\u00e9 macro\u00e9conomique, notamment gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des taux d\u2019inflation parmi les plus bas du continent. Une condition n\u00e9cessaire, m\u00eame si elle reste insuffisante \u00e0 elle seule, pour soutenir un d\u00e9veloppement durable.<\/p>\n

Pour Amath N\u2019Diaye, faire du franc CFA le bouc \u00e9missaire du sous-d\u00e9veloppement africain revient \u00e0 d\u00e9tourner l\u2019attention des v\u00e9ritables d\u00e9fis. .<\/p>\n

Ez\u00e9chiel Dagb\u00e9gnon PADONOU<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Contrairement \u00e0 une opinion largement r\u00e9pandue dans le d\u00e9bat public africain, le franc CFA ne serait pas responsable du maintien de nombreux pays dans la cat\u00e9gorie des Pays les Moins…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":16410,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16409","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nFranc CFA et sous-d\u00e9veloppement : le professeur Amath N\u2019Diaye d\u00e9monte une id\u00e9e re\u00e7ue - Le Patriote<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lepatriotebenin.com\/index.php\/2026\/01\/12\/franc-cfa-et-sous-developpement-le-professeur-amath-ndiaye-demonte-une-idee-recue\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Franc CFA et sous-d\u00e9veloppement : le professeur Amath N\u2019Diaye d\u00e9monte une id\u00e9e re\u00e7ue - 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